The Evolution of Human Capital in Georgia: From Ivane Javakhishvili’s Historical-Economic Legacy to the Digital Era

Nana Shonia; Diana Bibileishvili

doi:10.52340/atsu.2026.1.27.10

Authors

Nana Shonia Akaki Tsereteli State University, Kutaisi, Georgia Author
Diana Bibileishvili Akaki Tsereteli State University, Kutaisi, Georgia Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52340/atsu.2026.1.27.10

Keywords:

human capital, Ivane Javakhishvili, Human Capital Index (HCI), sustainable development, digital transformation

Abstract

The article analyzes the development of human capital in Georgia through a synthesis of historical and modern perspectives. It examines the stages of its formation from the Middle Ages, through the works of Ivane Javakhishvili, the Soviet industrial model, and the post-Soviet transformation, up to the contemporary digital era. It is demonstrated that Javakhishvili’s ideas are consistent with the modern concept of human capital. The strengths and weaknesses of the Soviet system are evaluated, along with its incompatibility with the knowledge economy. The study highlights post-Soviet challenges, including the mismatch between education and the labor market, skills imbalance, and migration. The conclusion emphasizes the necessity of investing in human capital.

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References

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